Apparatus for the beaming and winding of thread bolts and material webs



April 2, 1968 F. GARSKE 3,375,992

APPARATUS FOR THE BEAMING AND WINDING OF THREAD BQLTS AND MATERIAL WEBSFiled Feb. 4, 1966 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG! I l4 2s 26 .\i I? I 0 l8 I I622 2| TRANSFORMER 1 R I MP I 27 l i dsz 3|\ T *1 VOLTAGE VARIATIONY ,30

INVENTOR:

FRIEDRICH GARSKE Mag M aka ATT'YS April 2, 1968 F. GARSKE 3,375,992

APPARATUS FOR THE BEAMING AND WINDING OF THREAD BOLTS AND MATERIAL WEBSFiled Feb. 4, 1966 4 Sheets-Sheet F3 AMPLVIFIER 42 VOLTAGE VARIATIONINVENTOR. L Rl E DRICH GARSKE ATT'YS April 2, 1968 Filed Feb. 4, 1966 lI 1 //l H m K2 I l l F APPARATUS FOR THE BEAMING AND WINDING OF GARSKE3,375,992

THREAD BOLTS AND MATERIAL WEBS 4 Sheets-Sheet I5 INVENTOR: FRIEDRICHGARSKE April 2, 1968 F. GARSKE 3,375,992

APPARATUS FOR THE BEAMING AND WINDING OF THREAD BOLTS AND MATERIAL WEBSFiled Feb. 4, 1966 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F RIEDRICH GARSKE United StatesPatent Ofilice 3,375,992 Patented Apr. 2, 1968 3,375,992 l APPARATUS FORTHE BEAMING AND WINDING F THREAD BOLTS AND MATERIAL WEBS FriedrichGarske, WnppertaLOberbarrnen, Germany, 'assigner to J. P. BembergAktiengesellschaft, Wuppertal- Oberbarmen, Germany Filed Feb. 4, 1966,Ser. No. 525,245 Claims priority, application Germany, Feb. 4, 1965,

Claims. (63242-7551) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Winding and unwinding ofthread bolts and material webs in which a constant thread tension ismaintained utilizing two motors or motor groups which are coupled to oneanother in such a way that the turning speed difference produced fromthe speed of the thread bolt between the drive part of a coupling andthe driven part of the coupling is kept Within the limits in which thecoupling presents a range of constant or approximately constant torque.

The present invention relates to a process for the beaming and windingof thread bolts and material Webs in which the winding mechanism isdriven by a motor controllable in its rate of revolution and theunwinding mechanism is braked with variable moment.

In checking thread purity or for the production of relatively large warpor weaving beams from several smaller ones it is important for reasonsof quality that the thread tension be maintained as constant as possiblein all operating states independent of the draw-off speed and windingdiameter. For this problem various solutions have been proposed.

The known solutions are all very complicated and subject to breakdownand, moreover, are expensive. Additionally, most of them are not capableof assuring a really faultless thread tension course, since in all casesonly the actually occurring tension or velocity fluctuations supply theadjusting magnitudes for the regulation, and, there fore, also belong tothe system and are unavoidable.

The general technical problem basic to the present invention consistsaccordingly in finding a process for the rewinding and winding of threadbolts and material webs which, at all winding speeds, and in particularat very low speeds as well as at standstill, guarantees a constantthread pull with changing diameters of the material carriers and,furthermore, when the drive is switched off, holds the threads taut. Thespecial technical problem also lies in providing a simple process andone assuring low susceptibility to breakdowns.

While any coupling having the mentioned characteristics may, of course,be employed, eddy-current couplings, Whose torque is in generaldependent on the turning rate difference and the strength of the excitercurrent appear to be well suited for use in most cases. Especiallyadvantageous are those devices whose character istic curve shows, in thedesired range of eflective turn ing rate difference in the coupling, forthe transmitted torque, dependence only on or practically only on theeXciter current.

According to the invention the motors or motor groups are coupled withone another in such a way that the turning speed difference between thedriving and driven parts of the coupling is kept within a range ofconstant or approximately constant torque, independent of minorfluctuations in the turning rate dilference. If the exciter current isvaried in dependence on the winding diameters, then constant threadtension may be attained during the entire winding process. The speeds ofthe two motors or motor groups can be attuned in such a way thatwithsuitable choice of the coupling characteristic curvethe brake motorstands at the highest winding speed (turning rate), but for themaintenance of the torque is supplied with a corresponding rest current,while with the winding motor at a standstill the brake motor turns atmaximum speed and thus also in this operative state maintains thedesired thread tension. It is possible, for example, for both motors ormotor groups to be provided with current by way of a voltage divider, sothat the voltages on the two groups are dependent upon one another in asimple relationship.

By adjusting the coupling excitation or the guide blade setting, it ispossible to balance out the influences which arise from the changingdiameters both directly with respect to the torque to be provided forequal thread tension and also through the change of the differentialturning rate in the slip coupling. It is also possible to regulate brakemotor speed as a function of Winding speed; but diameter changeslikewise enter into the regulating process in such a way that thediflerential turning rate in the slip coupling remains constant orapproximately constant. This tends to happen especially in the case ofmeet one of the eddy-current couplings only when the range of the torqueindependent of the differential turning rate change is departed from.Within this range it is sufiicient for the attainment of constant threadtension (or of the desired thread tension course) if the excitercurrentof the coupling is varied only in dependence on the diameter of therunning-oil, that is, of the braked part.

The invention can best be understood by referring to the attacheddrawing in which:

FIGURE 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of the oppositely directedturning rate control making use of a voltage divider;

FIGURE 2 shows the appertaining diagram of the voltage course for thedrive motor and the brake motor;

FIGURE 3 shows a rewinding (beaming) drive similar to FIG. 1 withcurrent supply over magnetic amp1ifiers or controllable Si-thyratrons;

FIGURE 4 shows the diagram of the appertaining voltage course;

FIGURE 5 shows the basic circuit diagram of a drive for warping machineswith direct current shunt Wound motors which are fed over magneticamplifiers;

FIGURE 6 shows the basic circuit diagram of a warping machine drive withthree-phase current commutator machines and mechanical shaft for thebrake coupling; and

FIGURE 7 shows the torque characteristics of an especially well-suitededdy-current coupling.

As is shown in FIG. 1, the winding part 1 is driven by motor 4. Anelectromagnetically actuated braking means 2, 3, which becomes activewhen the machine is shut off, is connected with the drive shaft. Theunwinding part 5 is driven by motor 9 over the interposed slip coupling8, in the present case an eddy-current coupling. Braking means 6, 7 isconnected with the shaft, between the slip coupling 8 and the unwindingpart. The exciter current of slip coupling 8 is varied by the regulatingresistor 10, 13. The adjustable slide contact 13 is connected by lever11 with a sensing roller 12, which senses the thickness of the unwindingpart. Both motors 4 and 9 are directcurrent shunt motors which areenergised through two rectifiers 19 and 20, said motors having shuntfield Windings 23 and 24. The current supply comprises a transformer 15with movable middle tap 16, 26. The shifting of the tap (take-oil) isdone by means of a shifting motor 14, in such a way that movement of thetap in the direction of arrow 17 increases winding speed], whilemovement in the direction of arrow 18 reduces winding speed.

The movements of the voltage tap 16, 26 are limited so that, in both endpositions, a residual voltage 31, 32 is provided, in each case for themotor energised at the lower voltage. This is necessary so that thetorque necessary for the maintenance of the thread tension will beapplied. A conventional current limiter 25 for starting purposes isinstalled in the supply line for the brake motor 9. The current-mainvoltage is applied at 21 and 22. The slip coupling 8 can includestationary adjustable guide blades of the usual type and an additionalcontrol device 12 is connected with the adjusting device for the guideblades.

The voltage variation can be clearly seen from FIG. 2, wherein thestraight line 27 shows the voltage between 26 and 22, while the straightline 28 shows the voltage between 26 and 21. The lateral limits 29 and30 correspond to the end positions of the voltage tap 16. Numbers 31 and32 indicate the standstill voltages for the two motors 9 and 4. Theturning rates of the two motors vary according to the known turning rateequation:

wherein 1 is armature current, R is resistance, C is capacitance, i ismagnetic flux, and U is revolutions.

On switching ofi' of the drive the two braking means 2, 3 and 6, 7securely hold the warp beams in order to prevent slacking of the thread.It is expedient to arrange a time lag between the starting of the motor9, when the slip coupling 8 goes into action, and the release of thebraking unit 6, 7, so that unit 6, 7 is released only when motor 9 andslip coupling 8 have reached their starting speed of revolution.

FIG. 3 likewise shows winding part 1 with drive motor 4 and brakingmeans 2, 3, and an unwinding part with drive motor 9, slip coupling 8and braking unit 6, 7. In addition to the alteration of the excitationas represented in FIG. 1 for the eddy-current coupling 8 there is herearranged a potentiometer 37, with the aid of which, for example, theoptimal thread tension can be set in, generally difierent with differingdenier. In the current circuit of motor 4 there is arranged, moreover, apotentiometer 33, on which tap 34 controlled over feeler roller 36 independence on the diameter of the winding part acts in such a way thatthe winding speed remains constant. The control of the two motors takesplace in a manner known per se over magnetic amplifiers or siliconcontrolled thyratron power amplifiers 39, 41 together with the commoncontrol set 40. The apparatus is dimensioned in such a way that thedesired voltage course is achieved in both machines. The curves 44 and45 in FIG. 4 show the voltage course for the motors 4 and 9. Over thepotentiometer 33 it is possible to influence either the control set 40or the two fields 23 and 24.

FIG. 5 shows the theoretical circuit diagram of a drive for warpingmachines. The run-off beams 5 arranged one behind the other areconnected over eddy-current couplings S with drive motors 9, which liein parallel on the output voltage of the power (output) amplifier 39.Otherwise, the circuit is built up as in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 shows a variation of the drive for warping machines with twothree-phase current commutator motors as drive machines, in which forall the unwinding parts in common there is present a brake motor 47,which drives the eddy-current couplings by means of a shaft 50, overbevel wheel gears 51, 52. The brake motor is a threephase currentcommutator motor the speed of which is controllable, for example,through brush cross shifting. A second three-phase current commutatormotor drives the winding part, The speeds of the two machines are variedby a common shifting gear 48 proportionally and oppositely. Startingresistors 49 serve in the usual manner to limit the starting current.

Instead of the two three-phase current commutator machines 46 and 47 itis also possible to use short-circuit rotor motors with an infinitelyadjustable gear between motor and driven or braked part. There theinfinitely shiftable gears must be arranged in such a way that theoutput turning rates automatically vary oppositely. In usingshort-circuit rotor motors it is also possible to employ socalled staticfrequency transformers, in which the turning rate can be regulated bycontinuous shifting of the output frequency.

FIG. 7 shows the characteristic torque diagram of an especiallyWell-suited eddy-current slip coupling, in which the torque transmittedin each case at a certain exciter current strength is plotted independence on the effective differential turning rate or the slip. Withthe choice of the working range within the horizontal part of the curvebundle limited by 53 and 54 there sufiices a relatively rough adaptationof the turning speed of the brake motor to that of the winding motors,just so long as care is taken that the actual effective turning ratedifference remains within the range 53, 54.

Obviously many modifications and variations of the invention ashereinbetore set forth may be made without departing from the spirit andscope thereof, and therefore only such limitations should be imposed asare indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for beaming and rewinding comprising the combination, withan unwinding reel and a rewinding reel, of variable speed motorsdrivingly connected respectively with the rewinding and unwinding reels,a slip coupling interconnecting the unwinding reel with its drivingmotor, means for varying the slippage of said coupling as a function ofthe amount of material on the unwinding reel, and voltage meanscomprising a winding having a shiftable tap, the movement of which islimited, in each of its opposite end positions of adjustment to apply astandstill potential on the motors sufiicient to maintain a desiredthread tension.

2. Apparatus for beaming and rewinding comprising the combination, withan unwinding reel and a rewinding reel, of variable speed motorsdrivingly connected respectively with the rewinding and unwinding reels,a slip coupling interconnecting the unwinding reel with its drivingmotor, means for varying the slippage of said coupling as a function ofthe amount of material on the unwinding reel, a power amplifier forenergising each motor, a common control set associated with saidamplifiers for increasing the voltage on one motor while correspondinglydecreasing voltage on the other, and vice versa.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the power amplifiers aremagnetic.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2, wherein the amplifiers aresilicon-controlled thyratrons.

5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2, including means for varying thespeed of the motors as a function of the amount of material on therewinding reel.

References (Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,365,691 12/1944 Fodor 242-75513,061,228 10/1962 Andrade 242--75.51

FOREIGN PATENTS 218,036 8/1958 Australia.

STANLEY N. GILREATH, Primary Examiner,

